The court case has taken two weeks and was launched in the days after the electoral commission declared on May 21 that Joko had won 55.5 per cent of the vote, and Prabowo 44.5 per cent of the vote.

That declaration triggered two days of riots in which nine people died and hundreds were injured.

Ahead of the ruling on Thursday, more than 47,000 police and military personnel were deployed to Jakarta streets, in anticipation of more violent protests like those in May.

Several thousand supporters of the defeated candidate gathered on one of the main roads that runs through central Jakarta, but the protesters were not allowed to approach the Constitutional Court.

The judges methodically stepped through and rejected many of the fraud claims.

Judge Suhartoyo said, for example, that the allegation that hundreds of people were not allowed to vote had not been proven and could not be accepted by the court.

"The applicant submitted a video as evidence. But the applicant could not explain where it happened. The video showed a crowd of people but their voices were not clear. It looked like they were protesting that their names were not included in voter roll. However the video did not say when it happened," he said.

Judge Wahiduddin rejected the allegation that the Home Affairs ministry was not neutral, and that advertisements that ran in movie theatres, which outlined Joko's achievements in the first five years in power, had not been reported to Bawaslu as they should have been.

"Structured, systematic and massive violations, as mentioned by the applicant, are legally baseless," he said.

Judge Aswanto said there was not evidence to support the accusation that police and the intelligence agencies had not acted neutrally.

Judge Manahan said that according to Indonesian law, Prabowo's legal team had to outline when and where the alleged violations occurred and how the violations had affected the final result of the election.

"The court believes that legal avenues to resolve the disputes and allegations are available and have been used by the plaintiff and the agencies have dismissed some of the allegations," he said.

"For other allegations they were never lodged to said avenues, therefore the constitutional right of a citizen to a free and fair election has not been violated."

During the court hearings, Prabowo's lawyers had claimed Joko's win had been achieved through "systematic electoral fraud and abuse of power" and up to 30 million votes were "stolen".

Prabowo's lawyers made a series of sometimes conflicting demands of the Constitutional Court in its case, including that it cancel the election result announced by the election commission, state that Prabowo won 52 per cent of the vote, declare Joko disqualified and Prabowo president from 2019 to 2014 - or to order the vote be held again in 12 provinces.

Both Indonesia's election commission, the KPU, and Bawaslu have disputed claims from the Prabowo camp of "systematic and massive fraud"

While the attempt to over turn the election result has played out in court, behind the scenes senior officials from the Joko and Prabowo camps have been negotiating a political ceasefire.

The two camps are reportedly discussing a deal that would see the Prabowo allies offered two seats in Joko's next ministry and positions on his presidential advisory council. It would essentially bring Prabowo's Gerindra Party, the largest opposition party in the parliament, into Joko's ruling coalition.