Addressing the media in Wuhan Saturday, Indian Foreign Secretary Vijay Gokhale, said the two countries had the "maturity and the wisdom" to handle their differences through peaceful discussion.

"On the issue of the India-China boundary question, the two leaders endorsed the work of the special representatives in their efforts to find a fair, reasonable and mutually acceptable settlement," he said.

Other longtime sore points between the two governments include China's ardent backing of Pakistan, India's arch rival, and New Delhi's sheltering of the Dalai Lama, the exiled Tibetan spiritual leader whom Beijing considers a separatist traitor.

Clear the air

Billed as an "informal" summit rather than a more traditional state visit, the meeting has been interpreted as an attempt to reset relations and rebuild trust between the two neighboring powers.

Other pictures showed Xi accompanying Modi throughout the exhibition as the Indian leader played musical instruments and viewed the displays.

On Saturday, images published on Chinese state media showed the two leaders walking casually along the banks of Wuhan's East Lake, an area made famous in the 1970s when it was used as a retreat by China's then-leader Mao Zedong.

Trade ties

The statement also outlined plans by the two leaders to "push forward bilateral trade and investment," though it included no specifics on how this might be achieved.

Writing in the Hindustan Times on the eve of the summit, Chinese Ambassador to India Luo Zhaohui described the two countries as being at a "critical stage of economic development and modernization," pointing out that economic and trade cooperation between the two nations has surged in recent years.

China is India's largest trading partner with a total of $84 billion in bilateral trade last year. But the economic relationship is dwarfed by the US-China trade volume, which stood at almost $600 billion.

Referencing the rising threat of US protectionism, Luo stressed the importance of maintaining free and open cross-border trade. "With the current backlash against globalization, a heart-to-heart dialogue between the two leaders will promote free trade," read the op-ed.

In a report published in the state-owned China Daily Saturday, Chinese President Xi Jinping was quoted as saying that "great cooperation between the two great nations of China and India will create global influence."

"China would like to make joint efforts with India to build a closer development partnership and promote cooperation in all areas," said Xi.

Speaking to CNN, Madhav Das Nalapat, director of the geopolitics department at Manipal University in India, described the warming ties as recognition among the countries' leadership that India and China would have to work together in order to make the "21st century the Asian century."

"The Asian century, frankly, is at the core of this summit," said Nalapat. "They are going to work hard on creating a very strong relationship, on creating oxygen that can pour down and help solve problems at the lower level."