Critics said the move undermined Hong Kong's already narrow electoral rights and was another example of Beijing's growing grip on the city, a former British colony that was handed over to China in 1997.
"'Self-determination' or changing the HKSAR system by referendum which includes the choice of independence is inconsistent with the constitutional and legal status of the HKSAR as stipulated in the Basic Law, as well as the established basic policies of the PRC regarding Hong Kong," the statement said, referring to Hong Kong's constitutional document.
"If a person advocates or promotes self-determination or independence by any means, he or she cannot possibly uphold the Basic Law or fulfill his or her duties as a legislator."
Maya Wang, senior researcher on China, Human Rights Watch, said stopping anyone from running in elections purely because of their peaceful political stance was "a violation of their basic human rights to stand for elections, which is guaranteed under Hong Kong's functional constitution, the Basic Law."
"Three years after the Umbrella Movement, in which tens of thousands of people in Hong Kong stood up for the right to universal suffrage, the Beijing and Hong Kong governments have redoubled efforts to undermine the already limited electoral rights people have in Hong Kong."
"The contorted legal arguments advanced by the Hong Kong government in disqualifying Chow can barely hide the political intentions of its decision: that this is another act in Beijing's play to chip away Hong Kong's autonomy," she added.