North Korea's only ally

China is Pyongyang's only major global ally, with bilateral trade accounting for 70% of North Korea's total trade, providing a political and economic lifeline to Kim's increasingly isolated regime.

US President Donald Trump has repeatedly called on Beijing to use its leverage over its unpredictable neighbor.

He singled out China again Friday, tweeting, "North Korea is behaving very badly. They have been 'playing' the United States for years. China has done little to help!"

Despite earlier warning that all options -- including military action -- remained on the table in dealing with Pyongyang, Tillerson refrained from the harsh language that he had used in Tokyo and Seoul upon arriving in Beijing.

After meeting his Chinese counterpart, Foreign Minster Wang Yi, on Saturday, the top US diplomat stressed "renewed determination" by Beijing and Washington to "work together to convince the North Korean government to choose a better path and a different future for its people" -- without giving details.

Although neither side brought up the subject publicly, Tillerson was expected to raise the prospect of financial penalties on Chinese companies and banks that do business with North Korea.

"The Trump administration is banking that threats of US military action in South Korea and tougher sanctions on Chinese entities will intimidate Beijing into changing its policies," said Ashley Townshend, a research fellow at the United States Studies Center at the University of Sydney.

On the trip, Tillerson has signaled a new approach toward North Korea, saying that Washington's policy of "strategic patience" over the past 20 years aimed at halting North Korea's nuclear development was a failure.

Between the US and North Korea

Beijing, however, has been irked by calls that it isn't doing enough to lessen tensions in the region.

Wang said China had made "important contributions" to supporting US engagement with Pyongyang but stressed it was, at its core, an issue between the United States and North Korea.

An un-bylined opinion piece Friday in the Global Times, a Chinese state-run tabloid, made a similar point.

"Washington and Seoul are trying to shift all the burden of solving the North Korean nuclear issue onto China and include China into their strategy toward Pyongyang," it said.

"But that way, China and North Korea will become enemies, further complicating the conflict. The North Korean nuclear issue is caused by Washington-Pyongyang confrontation, to which China has no obligation to shoulder all the responsibilities."

Wang reiterated the Chinese position that the US should "come back to the right track of a negotiated settlement."

He also said that he hoped Washington would examine Beijing's plans to defuse tensions, although Tillerson has already dismissed the proposal that the US should drop joint military exercises with South Korea as a show of good faith to Pyongyang.

Tillerson said Friday that Washington did "not believe that conditions are right to engage in any talks at this time."

However, he left the door open Saturday, saying he would work with China to "bring North Korea to a different place where we are hopeful we can begin a dialogue."

Trump and Xi to meet?

Tillerson was also in Beijing to iron out the details of a tentative summit between Presidents Trump and Xi in Florida in April.

It would be the first meeting between the two men, whose interactions would affect what many consider the world's most important diplomatic relationship.

The Chinese foreign ministry statement quoted Tillerson as saying that Trump expected the two leaders to meet "as soon as possible" but did not confirm the April summit. Xi also invited Trump to visit China, it added.

Despite fiery rhetoric on the campaign trail and prior to his inauguration, Trump and his administration have taken a relatively hands-off approach to China so far.

Trump has not followed through on campaign threats to label China a currency manipulator or impose steep tariffs on Chinese imports.

He also endorsed the "One China" policy, which has governed delicate relations between the United States, China and Taiwan for decades -- after questioning its legitimacy shortly after his election.